Cryogenic Materials

Cryogenic materials have special properties that make them particularly hazardous to use in the solid, liquid, or gaseous state.

Storage and Handling of Cryogenic Materials

• The severely cold temperatures associated with cryogenic liquids (-60 °C to -270 °C) can damage living tissue on contact and embrittle structural materials.
• Liquified under pressure, cryogenic liquids must be kept in specially designed, high-pressure vessels that contain fittings to relieve pressure. When in contact with moist area, ice formation can plug pressure release devices and pose an explosion hazard. For this reason, store vessels in a dry place and periodically check for ice formation.
• Cryogenic liquids present fire and explosion hazards. A flammable mixture, cooled in the presence of air with liquid nitrogen or liquid oxygen, can cause oxygen to condense and thereby present an explosion hazard. Keep away from ignition sources. Flammable liquids will support combustion in both the liquid and gaseous states. If allowed to depressurize, cryogenic liquids will rapidly and violently expand.
• Store and work with cryogenic liquids in a well-ventilated area. These liquids can cause asphyxiation as evaporating CO2 is concentrated around cryogenic materials.
• Safety glasses and face shields should be used. For handling of cryogenic liquids, use potholders instead of gloves (as gloves can freeze to the skin).
• Cushion glassware in a protective covering to prevent injury caused by flying glass in the event of implosion/explosion.
• Transport fragile cryogenic containers with caution -- use a hand truck.